Number 108
“What makes this 108 number so special?”
Recently, a friend asked me this question because she was wondering why I named this blog, “108quality.com“. My answer was as simply as “I like it”. As I think about it again, I would like to know more about the number and makes some research. Here are some of [...]
Rounding Rules of Data
Posted by 1Q8 in Statistics on April 28th, 2009
Rounding is the method of reducing the number of digits in a number. The result of rounding is a “shorter” number yet similar in magnitude.
When performing data analysis, these questions always come up; When should we round up the answer or when should we round down? How many figures are appropriate?
The following Rules should help [...]
Type of Variables
Posted by 1Q8 in Statistics on April 27th, 2009
Variable is a characteristic under investigation that assumes different values for different elements. A variable can be classified as a Quantitative and Qualitative.
Type of Variables
Qualitative or Categorical Variable
Qualitative or Categorical or Attribute Variable is the variable that can not be measured numerically, but can be divided into different categories.
For example; gender, religious, place of birth, [...]
Type of Statistics
Posted by 1Q8 in Statistics on April 26th, 2009
Statistics can be divided into 2 areas: Descriptive Statistics and Inferential Statistics.
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive Statistics consist of methods for organizing, summarizing, displaying, and describing data(of the population) in an informative way.
A population is a collection of all possible elements of interest.
The informative way to present the data: tables, graphs, calculating summary measures such as averages.
Inferential Statistics
Inferential [...]
What is Statistics?
Posted by 1Q8 in Statistics on April 26th, 2009
Statistics is the science or a group of method of
Collecting
Organizing
Presenting
Analyzing
and Interpreting
numerical data in order to make more effective decision.
Tips: Statistics = COPAI for decision making!
Why do we use Statistics?
Raw Data collected from the field do not provide the adequate information necessary for quality control or improvement, there for we need to organize, analyze, and interprete [...]
The Deming Philosophy
Posted by 1Q8 in Quality Concepts on April 25th, 2009
The Deming Philosophy focuses on Continual Improvements in product and service quality by reducing uncertainty and variability in design, manufacturing, and service processes, driven by the leadership of top management.
Deming’s 14 Points
The 14 points were first presented in Deming’s book Out of the Crisis in 1986. This is the 14 principles for Business Effectiveness. This [...]
PDCA and PDSA Cycle
Posted by 1Q8 in Quality Concepts on April 25th, 2009
PDCA cycle is an effective tool for carrying change. This cycle has no end so it will be repeated again and again for problem solving and continuous improvement. this cycle is also called PDSA Cycle, Shewhart Cycle, Deming Cycle, Deming Wheel, …
PDCA was originated by Walter Shewhart during the 1930’s.
PDCA was made popular by Dr. [...]
Total Quality
Posted by 1Q8 in Quality Concepts on April 25th, 2009
Total Quality or TQ;
is a people focused management system
aims at continual increase in customer satisfaction at continually lower real cost
is a system approach that integrates organizational functions and the entire supply chain and customer chain
stresses learning and adaptation to change as keys to organizational success
based on scientific method
Principles of Total Quality
Customer and Stakeholder Focus [...]
Customer Driven Quality
Posted by 1Q8 in Quality Concepts on April 25th, 2009
By the end of the 1980s many companies begun using customer driven definition of quality that still remain popular until this day;
Quality is meeting or exceeding customer expectations.
The “Customers” can be;
Consumers are the purchasers of a products or services.
External Customers are the chain of many companies which add some value to the products or services.
Internal [...]
The history of Quality Assurance
Posted by 1Q8 in Quality Concepts on April 23rd, 2009
Quality is considered the most significant factor in determining the long run success or failure of the organization.
Quality Assurance is a systematic processes that provide confidence in a product’s quality. It is a set of activities intended to ensure that products and/or services will meet the specification and customer satisfaction. However, Quality Assurance cannot guarantee [...]
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